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The Mechanics of ADRs

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The Mechanics of ADRs

Hi MM, Can you please explain the mechanics of how, for ASX-listed companies, ADRs in the US benefit the ASX-listed company – specifically with respect to increasing liquidity in both the US and primary ASX listing. My very broad understanding (which may be inaccurate as it is based off what someone said in a presentation and I am paraphrasing), is that for each ADR purchase in the US, the market custodian needs to buy the equivalent amount of stock on the local ASX listing as is bought in the US to essentially sit behind/match the trade which occurred in the ADR market. Is this correct and can you please expand on how this actually works. It would be good to understand just how beneficial to the company these US listings are in a practical sense. Thanks, Darren

Answer

Hi Darren,

You’re very close, and as the chart illustrates they trade in almost perfect tandem.

  • ADRs offer investors a way to purchase stock in overseas companies in $US that would not otherwise be available. Foreign firms such as BHP also benefit, as ADRs enable them to attract American investors and capital without the hassle and expense of listing on U.S. stock exchanges – an expensive and cumbersome process.
  • The issuer/seller of the ADR’s will indeed purchase BHP on the ASX to hedge their exposure.

Dividends are paid in $US and receive franking credits, and carry voting rights  but they also carry FX risk.

  • 1 BHP ADR (priced in $US) = 2 BHP shares on ASX

The benefit to the company is a greater pool of investors. The benefit for a US investor, is the ability to buy in $US.

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BHP Group Ltd (BHP) v BHP ADR (BHP US)
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